DAG II
Mobile shredder disposal unit banknote shreddings.


Data Encryption Standard (DES)
Symmetric encryption is the classic cryptographic method. The underlying principle is simple: The message is encrypted using a mathematical rule – an algorithm – and a secret key. The recipient of the message, who has the same secret key, then converts the encrypted message back into plain text. The most common symmetric cryptographic algorithm is the Data Encryption Standard (DES), also known as DEA (Data Encryption Algorithm). It was developed by IBM and the US National Bureau of Standards and first used towards the end of the 1970s. Since then it has established itself as the standard, particularly in the banking sector. In its original version it used a key length of 56 bits. Today’s Triple DES works with an extended algorithm and longer keys.


Datex-L
A line-connected data network of Telekom. The connection between two subscribers occurs via a dedicated fixed line.


Datex-P
A packet-oriented data network of Telekom. Two subscribers are connected via a virtual connection. The exact physical path that individual data packets take can change during the connection.


Debit card
A card with or without a chip that has a credit limit but with which payment is debited at the same time as delivery of the goods or service. The keyword is: "pay now". A typical example is the ec card.


Debugging
Debugging is the process of locating the cause of an error and removing it. Its aim is to find as many of the errors in a software as possible and to correct them. Debugging is normally done by the software developer and is not to be confused with testing.


Delivery compartment, delivery stacker
A compartment on a BPS machine into which the fully processed banknotes are deposited.

Demetallization
Exposing text or decorative elements from metallic layers by creating a negative image using etching, laser or “wash-out” techniques. Used for security threads and LEAD^®.


Denomination
Individual value in a series of banknotes. For example, the euro comes in seven denominations: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 euros.


DEOVID
Diffractive optically variable image device


Deposit
Quantity of banknotes to be paid in.


DES
Data Encryption Standard (DES). Block-oriented, symmetric encryption algorithm. Key length: 56 bits. DES was developed by IBM and published in [FIPS PUB 46 "Data Encryption Standard"] by NIST on 15 January 1977. It is no longer considered secure enough today which is why it is being replaced by AES.


DES3
= Triple-DES algorithm. Since the simple DES algorithm is no longer considered secure, it has been developed into the Triple-DES algorithm, which is currently secure. This involves running the DES algorithm three times in a row – using either two or three different keys, corresponding to an effective key length of 112 and 168 bits respectively.


Device
Peripheral equipment such as a printer or modem


Devrient, Alphonse
Alphonse Devrient was 31 when he and his 21 year older partner, Hermann Giesecke, founded the company Giesecke & Devrient on June 1, 1852 in Leipzig. Within a short time they developed this into a leading company in the industry, mainly with groundbreaking inventions in Guillochier and printing technology.


DF
A Dedicated File is a directory within the file system of a chip card. A variant of DF is the MF root directory. (- Dedicated file: directory on a processor card)


DF name
The DF name is another characteristic of a DF (in addition to the FID), and has a length of between 1 and 16 bytes. It is used to select the DF and can contain a registered AID (application identifier). This can be between 5 and 16 bytes long and provides unique identification of the DF worldwide.

DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client-server networking protocol. A DHCP server provides configuration parameters specific to the DHCP client host requesting, generally, information required by the host to participate on the Internet network. DHCP also provides a mechanism for allocation of IP addresses to hosts.

Dial-up networking
Dial-up networking can take place using a telephone line, Datex-J, Datex-P, ISDN or other data networks.


Die, Dice
Silicon chip before its implantation into a module, or a chip card. (Silicon crystal on which is mounted a single semiconductor micro-controller).


Differential Fault Analysis (DFA)
The principle of differential fault analysis was published in 1996 by Dan Boneh, Richard A. DeMillo and Richard J. Lipton, who were all working for Bellcore [Boneh 96]. This technique relies on the deliberate, random introduction of faults during cryptographic calculation in order to extract the secret key. The original technique named public key algorithms only. However, this method of attack was rapidly developed over the space of a few months [Anderson 96 a], and in principle all crypto-algorithms can now be attacked using differential fault analysis, unless they have particular protection.


DIGITAGLIO^®
This printing technique was specifically developed for passports and other travel documents. It applies micro-writing or fine lines to the paper using the recess printing method. After that, an inkjet printer is used to print the personalized information (photo and text data) on to the applied structure, resulting in a characteristic image that is practically impossible to falsify.


Digital finger print
The hash value of a message (e.g.: created with SHA-1) is also commonly called the “digital fingerprint.”

Digital signature
Electronic version of a personal signature. It serves as evidence to the recipient of an electronic message that the message has not been modified in any way and is authentic (i.e. it comes from the sender). The document to be transmitted is first compressed using a cryptological technique (a so called Hash function) and then signed by the sender with their individual secret key (encrypted). The signed hash value is attached to the message. The recipient(s) then hash the message at their end, verify (decrypt) the attached signature using the sender’s associated public key and compare the two hash values. If the two values are identical, this proves that the message is authentic and has not been tampered with. The secret – so-called private – key is best generated, saved and carried in a smart card. The associated Public Key is public and accessible to anyone via databases.


DIL
Dual Inline. Type of integrated circuits (Ics), in which the connectors are arranged as two rows of pins.


DIN
Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. Chip card norms are established by the Normenausschuss Informationsverarbeitungssysteme (NI) 17 (Standards committee for information processing systems).


Directory Service
Siehe Verzeichnisdienst


DIS
Draft International Standard, international norm that has yet to be finally adopted.


Disagio
In the credit card business, a turnover-related commission which the “acceptor” (e.g. a shop) pays to the credit card organization.


DMA
Direct Memory Access: Fast procedure for copying data between memory areas of a microprocessor system without using the microprocessor.


DMB
Abbreviation for "Delivery Module Bander". Banding module in the BPS^® 500


DMB flex
Banding module in the BPS^® 500 with variable delivery.

DMI
= Direct Method Invocation – Connection between client applications and Java card applet. DMI is an application protocol that is built according to the Smart Card APDU communication standard for transmitting commands to the card. (Call method) and response from the card (method result).


DMZ
De-Militarized Zone; Zone added between a protected network and an external network in order to provide an additional security layer.


DNS
= Domain Naming System – the naming lookup system used by the Internet in order to get from alphabetic names such as www.gdm.de to 32 bit binary IP Addresses.


DOV
Data Over Voice, data transmission technique that allows simultaneous transmission of data as sounds and speech via a telephone line, since the data sounds are outside of the speech band and thus not audible to the human ear.


DRAM
A dynamic random access memory is a RAM memory with a dynamic structure. In order to preserve its memory content it needs an uninterrupted power supply and cyclical content refreshment. DRAM memories consist of condensers. They require less space on the chip than SRAM memories and are therefore cheaper. However, SRAMS have faster access times.

DSA
= Digital Signature Algorithm – asymmetric encryption algorithm for generating digital signatures. See also DSS.


DSS
Digital Signature Standard. Standard for digital signatures developed by NIST in 1994. Consists of DSA and SHA-1.


Dual Slot mobile
A mobile phone that contains not only the user card (e.g. SIM) but also a card contact unit for ID-1 chip cards that can be accessed from outside. Dual Slot mobile phones can be used for example to make payments over the mobile phone network using existing electronic purses on chip cards.


Dual-interface card
A dual-interface card is a chip card that has both a contact and a contactless interface for data transmission from and to the card. Also known as a combi card.


Duplication
Transfer of authentic data on to a second card.