Back end processes
Support functions for currency processing, transport, and machine service.


Background system
Any computer system that takes over processing and managing data from the hierarchy of terminals.


Band
Paper strip that holds a banknote package together. The band can be printed with the origin and processing data so that the depositor can be traced if there are any discrepancies.


Band width
An indicator, measured in MHz, of the number of pixels that are shown per second. The higher the bandwidth, the better the image displayed on the monitor.
Describes the transmission power of a line system and is indicated in bits and in Mbits per second. If the data volume should exceed the performance limitations, the communication will either be very slow or will break off completely.


Banknote and security paper
Banknote and security paper is paper produced in exclusive processes with materials that are not available on the market and under the highest security requirements. G&D supplies banknote paper to national banks in over 100 countries including the German national bank, the Bundesbank. Along with banknote paper, the product palette includes many additional applications such as security paper for checks, titles of ownership, passports and other identification documents, coupons, vouchers, certificates, tax seals and stamps, tickets, and much more. Since 2003, G&D has also independently produced foils for the security features in banknotes and security documents (such as holograms, security threads, LEAD strips).

Banknote bundle
Five bundled banknote packages


Banknote detection system
Machines that check currency for denomination and authenticity (such as ticket machines or deposit machines at banks)


Banknote package
100 banded banknotes


Banknote packet
Two banknote bundles sealed together


Banknote packing system
Designed for the secure and (completely) automated packing of banknotes; available as an online or offline system. Systems from G&D: NotaPack, NotaPack II, BanknotePacker.


Banknote paper
The basis material for the banknote is normally paper made of 100% cotton. Advantages of cotton paper: can be completely folded, tear resistant, can be printed, can be embossed, watermarks can be added.


Banknote paper, longlife
A further development of the classical banknote paper with soil repelling properties to increase the paper’s life.


Banknote, plastic
The basis material for the banknote is polymer or another synthetic material.


BanknoteBander
Desktop device to automatically band banknote packages.


BanknoteCanceler
Punch to cancel banknotes that are no longer fit for circulation (unfit banknotes). Two variants are offered: BanknoteCanceler 40 M, with manual feeding and BanknoteCanceler 40 A, with automatic feeding.


BanknoteContainer
Transportable and lockable container to transport and securely store banknotes in the cash center.


BanknotePacker
Vacuum packer for banknotes. The foil wrapping protects the banknotes from damage and enables tamper-proof storage.


BanknoteStrapper
This banknote strapping machine bundles the banknote packages into larger packages for easier handling and offers protection against unauthorized access.

Barcode reader
Scanner to record a barcode, for example, on the header cards.


Base certificate
The certification from the base certificate authority.


Base certificate authority (CA)
The highest certification authority for a PKI. All PKI participants must trust this. Their certificate is signed with its own private key. There can be any number of certificate authorities between a user certificate and the base certificate authority. To check third-party certificates, the user needs their certificate path as well as the base certificate.


Baud
Measurement unit for the speed of a data transmission. In the “old” days (up to the mid-80s), the transmission speed of a modem was indicated in Baud. The name goes back the French inventor J. M. Baudot, whose code was used for telex machines. Baud indicates the number of status changes (steps, pulses) per second on a transmission line. However, this does not determine how many bits are transmitted per step. (Do not confuse Baud with bit/second or bps.) DTMF transmits, for example, 4 bits per step (16 characters are coded with the 2 tones). This makes the bit rate (bps) = 4 * Baud rate.
An analog telephone connection can reach a maximum of 2,400 Baud. For example, to transmit 14,400 bit/second, then 6 bits must be transmitted per step. A parallel interface also has a Baud rate, only here normally 8 bits are transferred per step. The case with 1 Baud = 1 bps is a special one that is only valid for serial interfaces such as V.24 (RSR232) and RS485. See also: Bit/s, bps, bit rate, data transfer, streaming


BBk
Abbreviations for “Bundesbank” the German national bank.


BdB
Federation of German banks (Bundesverband deutscher Banken); central organization of private credit institutes.


BDS 400
BDS is the abbreviation for "Banknote Destruction System” and is the main term for all banknote destruction and briquetting systems from G&D. It consists mainly of the following modules: Storage and feeding system, destruction system, suction system, silo, filter, briquetting press, as well as a monitoring and control system.

Behavior scoring system
System that uses statistical methods to make statements on expected behavior patters (such as purchasing behavior of card owners in certain trade branches).


BER
Basic encoding rules: Rules for coding ASN.1 objects


BIM 20x0
BIM = Banknote Identification Module – BIM 20x0 is a banknote detection system for entering individual banknotes. This OEM module is used in deposit machines in self-service areas or in ticket machines.


Binary
A numbering system that works with the mathematical base 2 and two values (0 and 1). In the binary (or dual) number system, the state of circuits-on which processors are based-can be easily shown (0=off, 1=on).


Binary file/ binaries
Program, graphic, or archive files that not only consist of printable characters. The transmission of binary files in text-oriented areas of the internet (newsgroups, e-mail) requires technical finesse such as a “UUE” coding (see Binary transmission).


Binary transmission
Technology for transmitting programs and any attachments via e-mail.


Biochemical security features
This includes proteins (antibodies, pigments, etc.), DNS (DANN, RNA), and other biological or synthetically produced molecules. Manufacturers: November, Arjo, MIB

Biometrics
The combination of biometrics and smart cards is a comfortable and secure solution; security and user-friendliness are decisive criteria for the wide-spread implementation of biometric procedures for authentication. Biometric procedures will also find wide use in fields where employees or customers have to remember a variety of PINs and/or passwords. Biometric procedures can replace passwords in many areas. Since passwords would no longer need to be written down, this would increase the overall security of the corresponding system. In addition, biometrics ensures a real identity link. An important aspect for the implementation of biometrics as a verification or identification method is the consideration of data protection regulations, this is of decisive importance for biometrics due to the personal rights concerned. With the on-card matching process from Giesecke & Devrient, the data for the biometric features, such as the fingerprint or iris, are compared to the reference data stored on the smart card. The reference template is only stored in the secure environment of the smart card and is not stored in any background system (database).

Possible areas for the use of on-card matching technology are especially public key infrastructure applications that require a secure and reliable identity link. This includes, for example, e-commerce applications, home banking, or e-government. The use of a smart card with biometric features as an identity document also offers the possibility of an automatic border control.

Biometric features in identity papers are being discussed all over the place and will most likely soon be integrated into many modern identification systems. G&D is developing new ideas (http://vipbob.gi-de.com) that will place data protection in the foreground. This links a biometric feature (fingerprint, iris, etc.) with a virtual PIN.


Bit and byte
The computer only knows two basic data elements – 0 and 1 – for the description of all data and operations. These data elements are used to create a binary number, the bit, that can either have the status 0 or 1. Even forming words is difficult for the computer; the average “computer word” consists of 8 bits and is called a byte. Larger machines can also form 16 bit or 32 bit words. Due to their limited spatial possibilities, chip cards are limited and mainly still work with 8 bit processors. However, chip cards with higher-performance micro controllers will soon be on the market.

Bitmap
Image or graphic created on the basis of bits.


Blacklist
A list contained in a database noting all the chip cards that may no longer be used for a specific application.


Blue tooth
Since 1998, IBM, INTEL, Ericsson, Nokia, and Toshiba have been developing a technology for the wireless transmission of language and data per short radio waves as a “Bluetooth Special Interest Group” under the name Bluetooth. The Bluetooth technology uses the freely available ISM radio network (industrial scientific medical) that runs at 2.45 GHz. The transmission level should be up to 1 MBit per second with a reach of 12 meters. With amplification, a range of up to 100 meters should be possible. In the most extreme scenario, 127 devices can be connected. Bluetooth technology can be used for a variety of scenarios:

• All of the devices in the office can be placed anywhere in the room without cable spaghetti or cable length problems.
• The photo copier sends a template to the mobile phone as an e-mail.
• When the laptop and mobile phone are returned after a trip, they automatically synchronize data with the computer, appointments in the organizer, or telephone numbers. Images from a digital camera can also be easily transported to the PC monitor.

BN
Abbreviation for “banknote”


BPS
Banknote Processing System – G&D offers the following models: BPS^® 200, BPS^® 500, BPS^® 1000, BPS^® 2000 Bank, BPS^® 200 Print, BPS^® 3000. BPS = machine for the automatic processing of banknotes and currency. Depending on the configuration, it can detect the authenticity and value of the banknote, count, sort, band, and bundle the banknotes. The main areas of implementation are national banks, commercial banks, cash centers, casinos, and many other places.


Brand protection
G&D develops tailored concepts and individual system solutions that provide effective brand protection based on the special needs of each product. Our range of technologies and security elements guarantees every product can unequivocally be distinguished from an imitation. G&D's concepts offer not only protection against counterfeits but also enable seamless control of distribution chains and help safeguard the brand's image.


Broadband
A description of a communication channel that can support large amounts of data at relatively high speeds. Broadband networks normally combine voice, data, and multimedia.


Brute force attack
An attack against a cryptosystem or security system in which all possible values for the key are tried.


BWT
Block Waiting Time: The maximum time between two data blocks during data transmission